Control system for machines



April 1943. L. o. REICHELT ETAL 2,317,113

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR MACHINE S Filed July 31, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOPS 1..o. RE/CHELT eRmmQM ATTORNEK April 20, 1943. L. o. REICHELT EI'AL, 2,317,113

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR MACHINES Filed July 31, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ma A24 & .0 V M- M A TTOPNEV Patented Apr. 20, 1943 oon'raor. SYSTEM Foamonmas Lester 0. Beiehelt, Cranford, and Daniel V. Wa-

ters, Flemingto n, N. 1., assignors to Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York,

N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 31, 1941, Serial No. 404,886

, I 22 Claims.

. This invention relatesto control systems for machines, and more particularly to a control system for machines. commonly called "stranders" for combining strands by intertwisting them into cables such as may be used in mechanical arts and in the electrical communicationarts.

In the manufacture of cables the strands of which the cable is to' be formed are usually drawn from supply reels mounted for rotation, the strands being guided over suitable sheaves and through a common hollow guide of a flier unit and thence to a take-up reel.- The flier unit is rotated at a speed relative to the linear speed of the group of strands to form a desired twist in the group prior to the strands reaching-the take-up reel. In many instances, for example in forming telephone cables, the take-up reel is quite large and is of considerable weight particularly after the cable formed of the intertwisted strands has been wound thereon. Such a reel, therefore, is mounted upona truck having a vertical shaft, both. of which accompany the reel into a take-up unit in theflier unit, and during the operation of the machinethe flier unit also must be of suiiiciently heavy and durable structure to support the take-up unit, the reel and its truck. In such machines it is adtaken in conjunctiomwith the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus selected to illustrate the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus, portions thereof being broken away;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed sectional view taken'along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary. detailed view taken substantially along the line 55 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detailed view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 3, illustrating parts thereof in another position;

Fig. '7 is a wiring diagram illustrating the electrical circuits and the associated parts of the apparatus which the circuits control;

vantageous to stop the flier unit at a point where Y the take-up reel and its truck will be free for removal from their unit. Due, however, to memomentum of the flier unit it is not possible to stop the unit immediately upon opening the circuit to a driving motor in the unit.

An object of the invention is to provide a control system for machines having driven parts, and more particularly a simple, emcient and highly practical control'system for stopping the parts at a definite position when the diminishing momentum of the parts will permit.

With this and other objects in view, one embodiment of the invention comprises a control system for machines, for example a machine for forming cablev including a flier unit driven by 'a. main motor at a given maximum speed to intertwist strands into a cable which is wound upon a take-up reel about which the flier travels, the control system controlling the running of the main motor and thus the flier unit, as well as the starting and stopping thereof, the stopping process causing deceleration in the speed of the flier unit to a given minimum speed and the location of the flier unit at a definite position before the stopping is rendered effective.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description when Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 8--8 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 illustrates the contours of the, respective cams shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 6, and

Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the drop in voltage and the drop in speed of rotation of the flier unit in preparing the apparatus for stopping.

Referringnow to the drawings, attention is first directed to Figs. 1 and 2, which illustrate a cable forming apparatus embodying the invention. a take-up unit, respectively indicated generally at 9 and i0, supported on a common axis but by separate concentrically disposed shafts carried by suitable hearings in spaced housings Ii and 12. A detailed description of all parts of the apparatus is not believed necessary for a clear understanding of the invention, as the general principles of a strander are well known. In general the flier unit includes an idler sheave l3 which receives a group ll of strands from individual supply sheaves (not-shown) the group of strands passing through a hollow guide' I! and through a suitable hollow shaft ii, of the flier unit, in the housing II. The idler sheave II in receiving the group of strands, directs the group to another idler sheave i! which raises the group to a point where it may pass through a tubular guide ill of the flier unit, being received by ana leaving the idler sheave I9, passes through a distributor guide 2|, at which time the group of This apparatus includes a flier unit and v solenoidis energized.

strands may be termed a cable as the intertwistin operation thereof has been completed.

From the guide 2| the cable is wound upon a take-up reel 22, the latter being disposed upon a truck 23 having supporting rollers 24 as well as a- Although in actual structure the shaft 52 has couplings 6| at each end thereof which connect the shaft to other shafts, for the purpose of nects the shaft 25 with a suitable driving means v which may include the driving means for the flier unit 9 to cause rotation of the take-up reel at a predetermined and desired variable speed.

During rotation of the reel the guide 2! is moved relative to' the reel by a distributor mechanism, indicated generally at 29, to distribute the convolutions of the cable uniformly on the reel.

The distributor mechanism may include a support 3G for the guide 2|, the support being movable on a rod 3! and having a nut-like portion 32 for a screw 33, the latter being driven'alternately in opposite directions through a suitable power means, indicated at 35, controlled by limit switches 36 and 31. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the take-up unit has a platform 40 upon which are mounted channel-like tracks M in which the supporting rollers 24 of the truck 23 may travel in placing an empty take-up reel in the take-up unit and removing the take-up reel therefrom, when filled. In the present embodiment platform do is positioned in a plane parallel with the floor upon which the housings H and I2 are mounted. thus a pit is required in the floor through which the flier may travel about the take-up unit. This makes possible the movement of the take-up reel in a common plane parallel with the floor in the loading and unloading of the reel relative to the flier unit. The take-up unit comprises spaced heads 44 and 45, and connecting members, including the platform to at one position and member 46 at a. diametrically opposed position, the latter including means, indicated generally at 48. to removably hold the shaft 25 for rotation but against lateral displacement in addition to means to support the upper ends of the members of the distributing mechanism.

In general the power for driving the flier unit as well as the take-up reel and the distributor unit, include a main motor 50 mounted upon a suitable bracket 5| and having a main shaft 52 extending in both directions therefrom. The shaft 52 is supported by suitable bearings 53 and has a brake drum 54 mounted thereon and fixed thereto adiacent one side of the motor. Brake shoes 55 and 56 are'of suitable structures and contours to conform to the brake drum and to create a frictional force thereon to stop rotation of the shaft 52, when applied. A detailed structure of the brake shoes is not shown but they may be arcuate in general contour, connected by separate pivots or a common pivot at their lower ends while either one or both of their upper ends may i be operatively connected to a spring rod 57 upon illustration let it be assumed that the ends of the shaft 52 extend into the housings II and I2 through suitable bearings and have pinions 62 and 63 mounted thereon. The driving connections at each end of the shaft 52 are identical, there being intermediate gears 64 and 65 operatively connecting their respective pinions 62 and 63 with driven gears 68 and 61 respectively. The driven gear 86 in the housing H is mounted upon a shaft of the flier unit Sand thus causes rotation of the flier unit. The gear 61 in the housing [2, however, is mounted upon the hollow shaft "5, this shaft supporting the adjacent end of the flier unit '9. A gear 68, mounted upon thev stationary housing I2, is one of a set of planetary gears including a gear 69 mounted on the head 45 of the take-up unit It, the gears 68 and 69 being operatively joined by pairs of smaller gears "Ill fixedly mounted upon shafts 1| the latter being rotatably supported by a spider I2 which is a part of the filer unit 9. Therefore, through the driving mechanism including the motor 50 and the shaft 52, the flier unit 9 is rotated and through this same power means, due to the lnterpositioning of the planetary gears 68, 69 and Ill, the take-up unit it is held against rotation.

In loading, or unloading the take-up reel the flier unit 9 must be stopped inn position so that the tubular guide l8 and the tubular member 20 lie in a vertical plane, otherwise either the guide cated by dot and dash lines in Fig. 8 to a position indicated in solid lines in this figure. These positions may be termed up and down positions, referring to the respective positions they are in when the flier is running and when the flier is stopped. The sections of the apron 15 are mounted upon a common shaft 80 Journalled in bearings 8| at the ends of the outer sections and between the sections, the sections being fixed, to the shaft so as to be moved in unison when the shaft is rotated. A latch 83 is also mounted on the shaft 80 but is free to rotate limited distances thereon governed by the adjacent section 78. In other words, the latch 83 and the section 19 of the apron 15 may have interfltting portions apron until it reaches the solid line position shown in this figure, where it will remain, allowing the apron to continue to its down position. The purpose-of the latch 83 is to enter a notch 84 in the periphery of the head 45 of the take-up unit 4 I ii, to hold the take-up unit against rotation during the process of removing a full reel and the placing of an empty reel therein.

The mechanism controlling the apron 15 with its various sections and theslatch 83 includes a piston 85 in a cylinder 86, the piston being movable in the cylinder to move a slide 81, the latter being operatively connected at 88 to a rocker arm 89. The arm 89 is fixed to a shaft 90 upon which is mounted a sprocket wheel 9|, the latter being connected to a sprocket wheel 92 through a. chain 93. The sprocket wheel 92 is fixed to the shaft 89 and through actuation of the piston and its associated mechanismthe shaft; 80 is alternately rocked to move the apron and the latch from one position to another. The piston .86 is controlled by a valve 64 (Fig. 'l) to alternately supply a fluid ,under pressure from a supply line 95 through fluid lines 96 and 91 to opposite ends of the cylinder 86. The valve 94 is controlled by a solenoid 98 to move the valve into one position when thesolenoid is energized, a lever 99 under the constant force of a spring I08 causing move.- ment of the valve in the opposite direction when the solenoid is deenergized. a.

Attention is now directed to Figs. 2 to 6 inclusive, which illustrate the cam contro1'un1t'I62 that exercises an important part in the functioning of the machine, particularly the stopping thereof at a deflnite time interval, in addition to the controlling of the apron and the latch 83. Attention is drawn to Fig. 2 merely to illustrate' the location of this unit upon the housing I2 and its operative connection with the shaft 52. Referring now to Fig. 4, it will be observed that a bearing supporting sleeve I03 is disposed in an aperture I04 of the housing I2, supporting a bearing I65 for the adjacent end of the shaft 52. The sleeve I03 is apertured at I88 to receive a bearing bracket I01, the latter supporting bearings I08 for a cam shaft I09. A pinion H8 is fixed to the shaft 52 by suitable means, indicated at II I, and is operatively connected to the cam shaft I69 through a gear I I2, the latter being mounted on the inner end of the cam shaft. Cams H4, H5 and H6 are mounted upon the cam shaft I09 at spaced positions controlled by spacing members'l I1. The contours of the cams H4, H5 and Bare illustrated in Fig. 9, this illustration setting forth alsothe relationship of the high points of the cams. The connection of the cams to the main shaft 52 through the pinion I I6 and the gear I I2, causes rotation of the cams at the same speed as the flier unit 9. High points of certain of the cams follow the tubular guide I8 and the tubular member 26 of the flier so as to effect stopping of the flier at a definite position,

\ as willhereinafter be described Switches I20,- 'I2I and I22 are positioned to be actuated by the cams II4, II5 and H6 respectiveiy. These switches all have plungers I23 of the spring controlled type and cam levers I24 pivoted at I25 and positioned to actuate the plungers when the high portions of the cams ride upon rollers I26 carried by the free ends of the levers. tions only when the apparatus is'being prepared position, holding the cam levers away from the' Due to the fact that the unit I02 functo stop, means is provided to hold the cam levers I24 of the switches out of engagement with the cam, in Fig. 6. The energization of a solenoid I30 actuates the lever I28, through a link I3I,

about a pivot I32; A'stop I33 controls the posi-* tioning of, the lever, I28 when the solenoid is deenergized. I

Attention is now directed to Fig. 7, which in the upper right hand corner illustrates schematically the main motor 50, the shaft 52 and the brake mechanism including-the solenoid 68. The main motor'58 is under the control of a generator m, the latter being driven by a constant speed motor I36 receiving its power from lines I31. The

control system includes lead lines 140 and I from a source of electrical energy not shown, a switch I39 in line I46 conditioning the control system for functioning when closed. There are three manually controlled switches, namely a start switch I42, 9. stop switch I43 and a Jogging switch I44. The Jogging switch is not used during the general operation of the machine, its purpose being hereinafter described. The control system, as illustrated, is in a condition immediately following the closing of the switch I39 and the start switch I42, whichcompletes the circuit from line I40 at connection I45, through the closed stop-andstart switches I43 and I42, respectively, and through a relay I46 to line I at connection I41. The closing of this circuit energizes the relay I46 to open contacts I48, I49 and I50 and closecontacts I5I, I52, I53-and I54. These contacts are in general alignment, as indicated by the dot and dash lines I55, meaning that they are all operated from the same relay. The closing of the contact I5I will complete an interlocking circuit about the relay I46 from line .ing at the same time contact I69. In closing the contact I61, armature I12 of the generator I35 and armature I13 of the main motor 50 are.

placed in series through conductor I14 leading from the contact to one side of the armature I12, a conducton I15 leading from the other side of the armature I12 to one side of the armature I13 and a line I16 leadingfrom the other side of the armature I13 back to the contact. The closing of the contact I68 closes a circuit through the solenoid 60, to operate the solenoid against the .force of the spring 58 to hold the brake shoes 55 and 56 in open position free of the drum 54, removing the braking force from the drum and thus from the mainmotor 50. This circuit may be traced from connection I60 of line I40, through contact I52, connections I64 and I16, contact I68, through the solenoid 66, to the line I at connection I19.

Returning now to the contact I54, this con-' tact completes a circuit from line I 40 atconnection I80, through connections I8I and I82, contact I54, solenoid I36, to line I at connection I83. When the solenoid I36 is energized the lever I28 is actuated to hold the cam levers I24 (Figs. 3 and 6) out of engagement with the cams H4, H5 and H6. The dotteddlnes leading from the core of the solenoid I36 bear the same reference numeral I28 representing the lever for conat connection I 85, through an armature I86 of a motor driven rheostat, indicated generally at I81, through an upper field I86, a normally closed contact I89 and upper limit switch I96, the contact I53, through a connection I9I to line I at connection I92 When this circuit is completed the motor driven rheostat begins operation in on'edirection. causing rotation of its driving screw I84 through gears I95 to,n-ove a possible to stop the machine immediately.

- field I6I of the main motor 50. Therefore, as

the crossbar I96 of the motor driven rheostat moves upwardly, the resistance in series with the field 200 of the generator I95 is reduced, afiecting an increase in the voltage output of the generator and thus an increase in the speed of the main motor 50. This operation continues, re

ducing the resistance in series with the generator field until the main motor is driven at a predetermined maximum speed, at which time the motor driven rheostat will be stopped through the opening of the limit switch I90 through the en' gagement of the crossbar I96 therewith. This opens the circuit through the armature I06 and the upper field I88 of the motor driven rheostat, holding the crossbar I96 at that position, causing the main motor to drive atthe predetermined speed. 7

With the circuits thus far described, let it be assumed that the machine is equipped with an empty take-up reel 22, that the reel has been secured in place by the mechanism 58, operatively connected, through the shaft 25, .to the connecting line 20 to cause driving of the reel, and that the ends of a group of strands I4 have been threaded through the machine, that is through the hollow shaft i6 over the sheaves I9 and ii, through the tubular guide I8, around the sheave I9 and through the distributor guide 2i, and secured to the reel. When this has been accomplished, the start switch I42may be closed, completing the circuits previously described. The completion of these circuits will immediately en ergize the solenoid 60 to release the brake mech anism, energize the ma n motor 50 through the generator I35 controll by the motor driven rheostat I81 to gradually build up speed of rotation of the flier from a stop position to a full running speed. The flier is thus rotated through the shaft 52 of the main motor 50, the pinion 62, the intermediate gear 64 and the gear 66 which directly rotates the filer unit 9, to bring abouta twist in the strands between the sheave I9 and a point in advance of'the machine, and a further twist therein between the sheave I9 and the distributor guide 2 I.- The take-up unit during this rotation of the flier, is held against rotation through the planetary gears 66, 69 and 79, the gear 68 being stationary, its associated gears '30 governing the rotation of the gears I0 associated With the gear 69 to effect holding the latter with V the take-up unit stationary during rotation of the flier unit. This action continues until it is desired to stop the machine.

Due to the momentum of the flier unit, it is im Furthermore, it is important that the machine be stopped when the flier unit is in either one of two positions, these positions being when either tubular guide I8 or the tubular member 26 is at the extreme top position, the purpose of this be- This immediately breaks the circuit through the relay I46, resulting in the closing of contacts I48, I49 and I50 and the opening of contacts I5I, I52, I53 and I54. The relay I65, however, remains locked in through a circuit from line I40 at connection I60, through connection 20I, conductor bar 202, brushes 204 of the crossbar I96, conductor bar 205, connections 200 and I64, through relay I65 to line I4I at I66. Therefore, the circuits to the generator l35, the motor 50 and the brake controlling solenoid remain closed, the speed of the motor 50 being decreased,

however, by regenerative brakingresulting from a decreasingvoltage output of the generator due to an increase in the resistance I98 to thecircuit of thegenerator field 200. This is brought about by the driving of the motor driven rheostat in 4 the opposite direction.

The closing of the contact I49, through the deenergization of the relay I46, completes 'a circuit through a limit switch 206, which was moved into closed position during the upward travel of the crossbar I96. This circuit may be traced troduced into the generator field to reduce the I speed of the motor 50 to a minimum.

Again attention is directed to the fact that the momentum of the flier unit prevents it from slowing down at the rate at which the voltage to the main motor may be reduced. This is illustrated in the diagram illustrated in Fig. 10, where the bottom line. represents time from a point where the stop switch is opened, a. point in the vertical plane thereof indicating the beginning .of the drop in voltage to, the main motor and the drop in speed of the flier unit.

As illustrated, the drop in voltage is greaterthan the drop in speed of the flier unit; thus it is not practical to stop the flier unit at thle time the voltage has been reduced to a minimum. It is, therefore} advisable to continue the rotation of the flier unit holding the brake mechanism inoperative until the speed of the flier has also reached a predetermined minimum speed where the brake can be applied to immediately stop the flier unit without damage thereto.

Returning now to the stopping of the machine, the stop switch has been pressed, deenergizin the relay I46, the relay I being locked in and a circuit being completed through the lowering or reversing field 209 of the rheostat I81 starting downward movement of the crossbar I96. The opening of the contact I5I opens the interlocking circuit to'the relay I46. The opening of the contact I59 opens the circuit through the upper limit switch I90, while the opening of the contact I54 opens the circuit to the solenoid I30,

deenergizing the solenoid to allow the lever I28 to free the cam levers I24 for movement into engagement with their respective cams. The closing of the contact I 49 completes the circuit through the lower series field 209 of the motor -driving the rheostat as previously described.

ing, as'heretofore described, to allow removal of the full reel and the replacing thereof with an empty reel. Therefore,- to stop the dnachine the stop switch I43 is moved into open position.

movement of the crossbar 'I96, unti l the circuit is broken through the agement of the cross,- bar with the lower limit switch. During this downward movement with the crossbar of the rheostat, the value'oi the resistance I36 into the generator fleld 200 is increased, eilecting a decrease in the generating voltage to the main motor field I6 I resulting in the decrease in speed of the main motor from a predetermined maxiremain closed to thus hold closed contacts 224, 225 and 226 and hold open a contact 221.

The closing of contact 224 forms an interlocking circuit through the relay I65 which may be mum speed to a predetermined minimum speed. 1

bar I96 from line I40 at connection I80, through connection I 6|, 'contact I50, a short. conductor bar 2I2, which is electrically connected as at 2I3, to a longer conductor bar 2 similar in if length to the conductor bars 202' and 205,

through brushes 2I5, another conductor bar 2I6, through a relay 2I8, switch I2I, when closed, through a connection 2I9, contact I to line I at connection 220. The relay 2I6is of the quick closing, slow opening type and will, therefore, be completed at the next intermittent closing interval oi the switch I2'I controlled by the movement of the cam II5 associated therewith.

As heretofore described, the cams I I4, III and II 6 rotate at the same speed as the flier unit 3. In other words, for each revolution of the flier unit the cams pass through one revolution. It is, therefore, apparent that the circuits for controlling the brake-controlled solenoid 66 and the apron-operated solenoid 66 are conditioned for closing as soon as the stop switch I43 is pressed, but these circuits remain under the control of the cams and the time relay 2I6, until the flier is slowed down to a desired minimum speed.

Attention here is directed to the fact that when the motor-operated rheostat I31 has completed its operation, moving the crossbar I96 in its lowermost position, where the lower limit switch 206 is brolrenjth brushes I91 maintain the.circult closed throug the generator fleld 2ll introducing the maximum resistance thereto. The brushes 244 have moved free or the conductor bars 202 and 205 and the brushes 2I5 have moved free of the conductor bars 2 and 2". The brushes 2I5, however, in this position electrically connect the short conductor bar 2I2 with the conductor bar 222, when the brushes 244 leave the conductor bars 242 and 245.

i .As stated hereinbefore, the relay 2 I6 is of the close during the actuation of the cam. III,

he relay 2I8 will be energized, and although e circuit will be broken through the continued rotation of the cam opening the switch, the repeated intermittent closing of the switch will maintain the relay energized until the speed of rotation of the cam II! has been reduced so that the time interval in which the switch is held open equalsthe time interval of deenergization of the relay. Assuming, therefore, that the "relay 2 II is energized immediately after the opening of the stop switch I43 and at a time when the machine, including the flier unit 3 and the cams II4, III and H6, is rotated at the decreasing speed but at a speed faster than the operation of the relay 2", the relay 2|. will traced from line I at connection I80, through connections I 8| and 223, contact 224, con ections 230 and I64, through the relay I65 to line I at I66.

The closing of the contact 225 forms an interlocking circuit through the relay 2I6 which may be traced from line I40 at connection I60,

' through connection I8I, contact I50, connection 22I, contact ,225, connections 23I, relay 2I8, switch I2I, when closed, connection 2I9, contact I16, to line I at connection 220.

The contact 226 conditions a circuit for completion when the crossbar I36 of the motor driven rheostat I81 has moved to its lowermost position,

.this circuit being traced from line I40 at I80,

through connection I8I, contact I50, connection 22I, conductor bar 2I2, brushes 2I5, conductor bar 222, through a relay 234, contact 226, connection 235, contactI10, to line I4I at 220.

The energization of the relay 234 will complete a circuit when the relay is energized to close its contact 236, which circuit may be traced from line I40 at I80, through connection I8I, contact 236, connections 230 and I64, through relay I to line I at I66. This is the third interlocking circuit for the relay I65 to maintain it energized while other circuits have been opened, rendering the previous interlocking circuits for this relay ineiiective. The-relay 234 also conditions a circuit for a relay 236 which controls the sole hold 38 of the apron-operated mechanism. This circuit when completed may be traced from line I40 at I80, through connection I8I, contact 236, connection 230, through a connection 239, contact I69, when closed, relay 238, switch I20, when closed, to line I at 240.

Returning now to the contact 221 of relay 2I8, attention is directed to the fact that this con- .tact and the contact 226 are of the overlapping type, meaning that during the energization or deenergization of the relay 2I8 one contact is made before the other contact is opened. The contact 221 remains open during the energization of the relay 2I6 but when closed completes a circuit including the relay 234, which is substantially the same as the circuit completed through the relay by the contact 226 excepting that in the circuit with the contact 221 the switch I22 is present and is under the control of its cam II6.

Let it be assumed that the stop switch I43 has been pressed, effecting a continuous driving of the machine, particularly to flier unit, yet at a decreasing speed, during which time the brake mechanism is held inoperative through the energization of the solenoid 60, and during this decreasing speed of rotation of the flier the cams II4 H5 and H6 rotate in synchronism therecuits linked with the contacts 224, 225 and 226 closed until after the voltage output of the gener-' ator I35 has been reduced'to a minimum, eflecting, through regenerative braking, the reduction in speed of the main motor 50 to a minimum through the lowering of the crossbar I66 of the motor driven rheostat to itslowermost position and held there through-the opening otthe limit engagement with the brake drum 54, stopping ing stopping of the flier unit at a definite position.

switch 208. When the speed of rotation otthe flier 9 and its associated cams H4, H andii6 has been reduced to a predetermined minimum. speed, the formation of the cam H5 at either, one of its diametrically opposed high portions 5 will engage the switch I2I to hold it open a length of time sufficient for-the relay 2I0 to open, at which timethe contacts 224, 225 and 226 will be opened and contact 221 will be closed. The contact 224 functioned to form an interlocking circuit in the relay I65, but subsequent to its functioning another interlocking circuit was formed through the energization of the relay 234 and the closing of its contact 235. Therefore, the relay I65 remains energized although the contact 224 is'open. The contact 225 provides an interlocking circuit around the relay 2I8, this circuit being broken, however, through the opening of the switch I2I. The relay 234, whose circuit has been completed previouslyby, the contact 226, is maintained energized through the closing of the contact 221. However, after the cam II5 first opens its switch IZI, the cam IIS, I which-hassmaller high portions than those of the cam 5, will cause opening of its switch- I22 at the exact time when the tubular guide I9 and tubular member 20 of the flier are in a common vertical plane, either one or the other being disposed on the top of the cycle of. rotation of the flier. It will be apparent, by viewing the contours of the cams U5 and H5 in Figs. 7 and 9, that these cams rotate in unison on a common shaft so that the high portions of the cam II5 will cause opening of the switch I2I prior to the high portions of the cam II6 opening the switch, I22. Therefore, the repeated opening of the switch I22 will not affect the circuit including the contact 221 until after the switch I2I has been opened and at a definite period thereafter. The cam II6 will open the switch I22, opening the 40 circuit including the relay 234 to deenergize the relay, resulting in the opening of the contact 236 and the breaking of the locking circuit through the relay I65.

The relay I65 then becomes deenergized, resulting in the opening of the contacts i6! and I68 and the closing of the Contact I69. The opening of the contact I6'I opens the circuit including armatures of the motor and the generator I35, while the opening of the contact 50 I68 opens the circuit to the solenoid 60, denergizing the solenoid and allowing the spring 59 to function in actuating the brake mechanism,- forcing the brake shoes and 56 into intimate rotation of the shaft 52, and thus stopping rotation of the motor 50 and the flier unit 9. The action which takes place after the opening of the switch I22 is substantially instantaneous, effect- The ciosing of the contact I69 completes the circuit through the relay 230 upon the next closing of the switch I20, resulting in the opening of contact 245 in a circuit including the solenoid 98. This circuit may be traced from line I40 at connection I90, through connection IBI, solenoid 98, contact 245, to line I4I at 246. This circuit was completed upon energization of the relay I at the beginning of the operation of the machine to energize the solenoid 98, to operate the valve 94 and eflect actuation of the .piston 05 and its associated mechanism to move the a ron I5 and the latch 83 into their upper positi ns and to hold. them thus until the circuit through the solenoid 98 is opened. At this time,

that is immediately after the flier unit has been stopped, this circuit is opened, deenergizing the I counter (not shown) may be used to measure the cable wound on the reel. It may be desirable to add predetermined variable lengths to the cable on the reel ,by continuing the operation of the machine. Therefore, it would be advantageous to be able to run the machine at a slow speed while the operator watches the counter,

and again stop the flier at the proper position and actuate the apron I5 together with the latch 03. This is made possible through a joggingmechanism or circuits including the jogging switch I44 of the instant release type, which must be manually held in place to maintain the associated circuits closed. The closing of the switch I44 completes the circuits through the relay I46, causing the relay to function as before described, the circuit being traced from line I40 at connection 250, through switch I44, connections 25i and 252, through the relay I46, to line I4I at MI. The relay I46 is of the slow closing, quick releasing type, making it possible for the completion of a circuit through the jogging relay 253 and its interlocking circuit controlled by its contact 254 prior to the energization of the relay I46 to open the contact I43. The circuit through the relay 253 may be traced from line I 40 at connection 250, through the switch I44,

connection 25I, contact I48, relay 253, to line I4i at connection 255. .The interlocking circuit for the relay 253 is traced from line I40 at 250 through switch I44, connection 25I, contact 254, connection 256, relay 253, to line I at 255.

This interlocking circuit being completed prior to the opening of the contact I48, the jogging relay remains energized during the holding of the switch I44 closed. The main purpose of the contact I48 is to render inefiective, operation of the relay 253 during the normal running of the machine, through the control of the start and stop switches I42 and I43 respectively.

The energization of the relay I46 will close various circuits to cause the machine to begin its operation in the same manner as previously described under the control of the start switch I42, except where certain of the circuits are removed through the energization of the jogging relay 253 and other circuits completed so that the machine will operate in the usual manner but at a slower rate of speed, causing actuation of the brake unit and the apron control mechanism and bringing into action the cams H4, H5 and H6 at a proper interval tostop the flier at a selected position.

In addition to the contact 254 of the inter- I looking circuit for the relay 253, this relay conlimit switch 26I, which may be .traced from line I48 at connection I85, through the armature I86 of the motor driven rheostat I81, the upper relay I65, to line I4I at 228.

It will therefore, be apparent that upon pressing the switch I44 closed the brake mechanism controlled by the solenoid 68 will be released,-

the circuits through the armatures of the gen- 4 erator I35 and the main motor 58 will be completed and the main motor will be driven at a speed controlled by the motor driven rheostat. The motor driven rheostat will be operated to cause upward movement of the crossbar I86. closing the lower limit switch 288 to condition it for future functioning and continue to travel upwardly until the jogging limit switch 26I is open, at which time the circuit through the motor driven rheostat will be closed, holding the crossbar I86 at a position adjacent the limit switch 26I, resulting in thevcontrolling of the voltage of the generator and thus the speed of the main motor 58 driving the flier unit, the speed of the flier unit being slower than the re-' quired running speed.

When it is desirable to stop the machine the operator releases the switch I44, opening the circuits to the relays I46 and 253 but not affecting the relays I65 and 2I8 which have been locked in through their previously described circuits. The deenergization of the relay I46 will complete a circuit through the lower field 288 which is under the control of the lower limit switch 288, resulting in the driving of the rheostat to move the crossbar I86 downwardly until it is again in its lowermost position, at which time the motor driven rheostat'will be stopped through the opening of the limit switch 288. Thus the stopping operation of the machine is repeated except that the stopping operation does not begin with the flier unit travelling at the high speed, it travelling, however,. at a speed higher than that. satisfactory for immediate stopping. Furthermore, the difference in the reducing voltageto the motor 58 and'the reducing speed of the flier unit 8 is similar to the illustration in Fig. 10. Thus the relay 2I8, assisted by relays 284 and I65, falls under the control of the .cams H4, H and Hi to function in stopping the flier unit when the speed thereof has been reduced to a desired minimum speed, allowing the cam II5 to close its switch I2I a lengthof time suflicient for the deenergization of the relay 2 I8. When this has been accomplished, the circuit controlled by the cam of the solenoid so. Immediately thereafter the switch I28 is closed through the action of the cam H5, resulting in the opening of the contact 245 to deenergize the solenoid 88, rendering the spring I88 effective to cause actuation of the valve 64 resulting in the moving of the apron I5 into its lower position and the latch 83 into engagement with the notch 84 of the head 45.

With the control system associated with the machine, it is possible, through the manual closing of a switch, to cause the apron 15 to move upwardly into an open or running position, and to remove the latch from the head 45 of the take-up unit, whose function has been to hold the take-up unit againstrotation during the unloading of a full reel and the loading of an empty reel. Through the closing of the start switch the brake is removed from the drive shaft, and the generator, due to thedecreasing resistance under the control of the motor driven rheostat I81, applies increased voltage to the field I6I of the main'motor, increasing the speed of the motor to increase rotary speed of the filer unit until a predetermined maximum speed has been maintained, after which the motor of the rheostat is deenergized, holding the controlled resistance to the generator and maintaining the predetermind maximum speed. During this operation certaininterlocking circuits are setup for the relays I46 and I65.

To stop the machine, that is to stop the flier unit at a definite position so thatthe reel may be removed and a new reel disposed in place in the take-up unit, electrical units automatically act upon opening of the stop switch I43 to reverse the action of the motor driven rheostat to add an increased resistance to the generator field, maintaining interlocking circuits to therelay I although the relay I46 has been deen- W ergized, until after the voltage to the main motor has been reduced to a minimum and until operates to cause stopping of the flier unit at the predetermined position and actuation of the apron controlling mechanism automatically -to condition the machine for the removal of the full reel.

This same procedure 'may be carried out through the operation of the jogging switch I44, to cause running of the machine at a slower speed controlled by the limit switch 26I yet effecting the same automatic action of the brake mechanism and the apron controlling mechanism.

The embodiment of the invention herein disclosed is merely illustrative and may be widely modified and departed from in many ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as pointed out in and limited solely by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a controlling system for a machine having a part actuable through operating cycles, in combination, means to eflect actuation of the part at a predetermined maximum speed,'means to efiect decelerationoi' the part to a predetermined minimum speed, a unit actuable with the part and at speeds variable with variations in the speed of the part, and means under the control'of the unit to cause stopping of the part at a given position after .theactuation thereof has reached the said minimum speed.

2. In a controlling system for a machine having a part actuable through operating cycles, in combination, .means to effect actuation of the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to efiect deceleration of the part to a predetermined minimum speed, a unit actuable with the part and at speeds variable with variations in the speed of the part, means under the control of the unit to cause stopping of the part at a given position in the operating cycle, and means influenced by the speed of the part to render the stopping means effective after the actuation of the part has reached the said minimum speed.

3. In a controlling system for a machine having a part actuable through operating cycles, in combination, means to effect acceleration 'of the part to a predetermined maximum speed, means to effect deceleration of the part to a predeter- 2,317,113 V motor and the part to predetermined minimum speeds, means to stop the part, a unit driven by the motor at speeds variable with those of the part, means to render the stopping means ineflective during actuation of the part and until the said minimum speed of the part and unit part at a predetermined maximum speed, means mined minimum speed, a unitactuable with the part and at speeds variable with variations in the speed of the part, and means under the control of the unit while the part and ,unit are decelerating to cause stopping of the part at a given position after the part has reached the said I minimum speed. r

4. In a controlling system for a machine having a part actuable through operating cycles, in combination, means to eflect acceleration of the part to a predetermined maximum speed, means to effect-deceleration of the part to a predetermined minimum speed, means influenced by the speed of the part while decelerating to cause stopping of the part at a given position after the part has reached the said minimum speed, and

have been reached, and means to render the last named means ineffective upon the part and unit reaching their minimum speeds.

8. In a controlling system'for a machinehaving a part actuable through operating cycles, in combination, means to efiect actuation of the to efiect deceleration of the part to a predetermined minimum speed, means to stop'the part comprising a stop mechanism actuable to stop the part, and an electrically operated time relay adapted to efiect actuation of the stop mecha-' posed in an electrical circuit, a switch disposed in the circuit, an element actuated in timed relation with the part to effect alternate opening and closing of the switch to repeatedly energize the relay until the time opening intervals of the switch and the relay have balanced, and means afiected by the opening of the relay to render the stop mechanism eifective.

10. In a control system for a machine having 'I part driven through operating cycles by an auxiliary means afiectlng the first named means to effect acceleration of the part to a predetermined speed intermediate the said maximum and minimum speeds and causing a repetition in the functioning of the second and-third named means. I

5. In a controlling system for a machine having a part actuable through operating cycles, in combination, means to effect actuation of the part at a predetermined running speed, a unit actuable in timed relation with the part to effect stopping of the part in a given position, means to effect deceleration of the part and unit topredetermined minimum speeds, and means torender the unit ineffective during the actuation of the part at the running speed and during the deceleration of the part and unit until after the said minimum speeds have been reached.

6. In a control system for a machine having a part driven through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to effect running of the motor at a predetermined maximum speed to drive the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to efiect deceleration of the motor and the part topredetermined minimum speeds, means to stop the part, a unit driven by the motor at speeds variable with those of the.

I part driven through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to effect running of the motor at a predetermined maximum speed to drive the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to effect deceleration of the electric motor, in combination,' means to cause application of an electrical energy to the motor to efiect running of the motor at a predetermined speed, to drive the part at a predetermined speed, means to cause a decrease in the electrical energy to a predetermined value in a given time to effect deceleration of the motor and part to predetermined minimum speeds and maintain the electrical energy at the said value until the part reaches the said minimum speed, and means driven by the part and adapted to cause stopping of the part after the part reaches the said minimum speed.

11. In a control system for a machine having a part driven through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to cause application oi an electrical energy to the motor to effect running of the motor at a predetermined speed to drive the part at a predetermined speed, means to cause a decrease in the electrical energy to a predetermined value in a given time to effect deceleration of the motor to a predetermined minimum speed to cause deceleration of the part and maintain the electrical energy at the said value until the part reaches agiven minimum speed, and means influenced by the speed of the part to stop the part at a given position after the part has reached the said minimum speed.

12. In a control system for a machine having a part rotatable through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to efiect running of the motor at a. predetermined maximum speed to drive the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to eflect deceleration of the motor and the part to predetermined minimum speeds, a rotatable element driven by the cause stopping of the part when the said minimum speed thereof has been reached.

13. In a control system for a machine having a part rotatable through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to effect running of the motor at a predetermined maximum speed to drive the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to efiect deceleration of the motor and the part to predetermined minimum speeds, a-rotatable element driven by the motor in timed relation with the part, and means aflfected by the rotative speed of the element to cause stopping of the part at a given position after the said minimum speed thereof has been reached.

14. In a control system for a machine having a part rotatable through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to effect runningof the 'motor at a predetermined maximum speed to drive the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to effect deceleration of the motor and the part to predetermined minimum speeds, a rotatable cam driven by the motor in timed relation with the part, a brake operable to stop rotation of the part, and means controlled by the cam to effect operation of the brake to stop the part at a definiteposition.

15. In a control system for a machine having a part rotatable through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to efiect running of the motor at a predetermined maximum speed to drive the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to efiect deceleration of the motor and the part to predetermined minimum speeds, a cam rotated in timed relation with the part, a brake operable to stop rotation of the part, an electrical circuit opened and closed by and including a switch actuated by the cam, an electrical time controlled unit in the circuit energized by repeated closing of the circuit through the cam and the switch until the time limit for deenergization of the unit equals the time interval between closing intervals of the switch by the cam, and means affected by the deenergization of the unit to effect operation of the brake.

16. In a control system for a machine having a part rotatable through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to effect running of the motor at a predetermined maximum speed to drive the part at a predetermined maximum speed, means to effect deceleration of the motor and the part to predetermined minimum speeds, a cam rotated in timed relation with the part, a brake operable to stop rotation of the part, an electrical circuit opened and closed by and including a switch actuated by the cam, an electrical time controlled unit in the circuit energized by repeated closing of the circuit through the cam and the switch until the time limit for deenergization of the unit equals the time interval between closing intervals of the switch by the cam, a second cam rotatable with the first mentioned cam, and a second circuit afiected by the unit and including a. switch actuated by the second cam after deenergization of the unit to effect operation of the brake to stop the part at a given position.

17. In a control system for a machine having a part rotatable through operating cycles by an elettric motor, in combination, means to eiIect running of the motor at a given speed to rotate the part at an operating speed, means to effect afiected by the rotative speed of the element to v deceleration of the motor to eflect deceleration of the part to a given minimum speed, a cam rotated by the motor in timed relation with the part, a switch actuated by the cam, a brake to stop the part, and electrical means controlled by 'the switch and the cam to render the brake eifective to stop the part when the part has reached the said minimum speed.

18 In a control system for a machine having a part rotatable through operating cycles byan electric motor, in combination, means to efifect running of the motor at a given speed to rotate the part at ,an operating speed, means to eilect deceleration of the motor to efiect deceleration of the part to a given minimum speed, a cam rotated by the motor in timed relation with the part, a switch actuated by the cam', a brake to stop the part, means to hold the switch free of the cam during rotation of the part at the operating speed, and electrical means controlled by the switch and the cam to render the brake eiIective to stop the part when the part has reached the said minimum speed.

19. In a control system for a machine havin a part rotatable through operating cycles by an electric motor, in combination, means to effect running of the motor at a given speed to rotate the part at an operating speed, nieans to effect deceleration of the motor to eiIect deceleration of the part to be given minimum speed, cams rotated by the motor in timed relation with the part, switches actuated by the cams, a brake to stop the part, electrical means controlled by one of the switches at atime controlled by its cam to efiect operation of the brake to stop the part at a given position, and electrical means controlled by the other switch and its cam to render the first electrical means ineffective until deceleration of the part to the said minimum speed.

20. In a control system for a machine to be loaded with an article and havinga part rotatable relative to the-article, in combination, a platform actuable into and out of a loading position for use in loading and unloading the machine with .articles, means to efiect rotation of the part at a running speed, means to effect deceleration of the part to a predetermined minimum speed, means to stop the part at a given position after the reduction of the part to the minimum speed to condition the machine for the unloading of the article therefrom, and means to cause actuation of the platform out of loading position prior to the rotation of the part and actuation of the platform into loading position after stopping of the part. I

21. In a control system for a machine to be loaded with an article and having a part rotatable relativet to the article, in combination, means to effect rotation of the part at a. running speed, means to effect deceleration of the part to a predetermined minimum speed, means to stop the part at a given'position after the reduction of the part to the minimum speed to condition the machine for the unloading of the article therefrom, and means to latch the machine against operation during the loading and unloading of the articles.

22. In a control system for a machine to be loaded with an article and having a part rotatable relative to the article, in combination, a platform actuable into and out of a loading position for use in loading and unloading the machine with articles, means to efiect rotation of the part at a running speed, means to eiIect decause actuation of the platform out of loading position prior to the rotation of the part and actuation of the platform into loading position after stopping of the part, and a latch actuable with the platform to hold the machine against operation during loading and unloading of the LESTER O. REIT. DANIEL V. WATERS.

unloading of the article therefrom, means to 5 articles. 

